Ukuthatha iglasi edadayo njengomzekelo, ezona zixhobo zithathu ziphambili zobushushu kwimveliso yeglasi ziquka iziko lokunyibilikisa iglasi edadayo, ibhafu yetoti yeglasi edadayo kunye neziko lokunyibilikisa iglasi. Kwinkqubo yokuveliswa kweglasi, i-glass melting furnace inoxanduva lokunyibilikisa izinto zebhetshi kwi-glass liquid kunye nokucacisa, i-homogenizing kunye nokupholisa kwiqondo lokushisa elifunekayo ukubunjwa. Ibhafu yetoti sisixhobo esiphambili sokubumba iglasi. Ulwelo lweglasi olunobushushu obuyi-1050 ~ 1100℃ luqukuqela ukusuka kumjelo wokuqukuqela ukuya kumphezulu wolwelo lwenkcenkce kwibhafu yetoti. Ulwelo lweglasi lucatshulwe kwaye lukhazimliswe kumphezulu webhafu ye-tin, kwaye ilawulwa ngokutsalwa koomatshini, oonogada abasecaleni kunye noomatshini bokuzoba ecaleni ukwenza iribhoni yeglasi yobubanzi obufunekayo kunye nobukhulu. Kwaye ishiya ibhafu yetoti xa iphola kancinci ukuya kwi-600℃ ngexesha lenkqubo eya phambili. Umsebenzi wesithando somlilo kukuphelisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo kunye ne-optical inhomogeneity yeglasi edadayo, kunye nokuzinzisa isakhiwo sangaphakathi seglasi. Iribhoni yeglasi eqhubekayo eneqondo lobushushu elimalunga ne-600℃ ebangelwa yibhafu yetoti ingena kwi-annealing the furnace ngetafile yerola yotshintsho. Zonke ezi zixhobo zintathu zinkulu zokushisa zifuna izinto eziphikisayo. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kunye nokuzinza kwesithando somlilo esinyibilikayo seglasi, ngokuqinisekileyo ayinakuhlukaniswa nokuxhaswa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo eziphikisayo. Ezi zilandelayo ziindidi ezili-9 zezinto ezixhathisayo ezidla ngokusetyenziswa kwiziko lokunyibilikisa iglasi kunye neempawu zazo:
Izitena ze-silica zokucima iglasi:
Izithako eziphambili: i-silicon dioxide (SiO2), umxholo kufuneka ube ngaphezu kwe-94%. Ubushushu bokusebenza: olona bushushu buphezulu bokusebenza yi-1600 ~ 1650℃. Iimpawu: ukumelana kakuhle nokhukuliseko lwe-asidi ye-slag, kodwa ukuxhathisa okungahambi kakuhle kukhukuliseko lwezinto eziphaphazelayo ze-alkali. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-masonry yee-arches ezinkulu, iindonga zesifuba kunye neziko ezincinci.
Izitena zodongwe lomlilo kwizitofu zeglasi:
Izithako eziphambili: I-Al2O3 kunye ne-SiO2, umxholo we-Al2O3 uphakathi kwe-30% ~ 45%, i-SiO2 iphakathi kwe-51% ~ 66%. Ubushushu bokusebenza: olona bushushu bokusebenza luphezulu yi-1350 ~ 1500℃. Iimpawu: Yimpahla enqabileyo ene-acidic refractory ene-refractoriness efanelekileyo, ukuzinza kwe-thermal kunye ne-conductivity ephantsi ye-thermal. Ikakhulu isetyenziselwa i-masonry ye-bottom ye-oven pool, udonga lwe-pool yecandelo lokusebenza kunye ne-passage, udonga, i-arch, izitena zokuhlola ezisezantsi kunye ne-flue yegumbi lokugcina ubushushu.
Izitena eziphakamileyo ze-alumina kwiikonti zeglasi:
Amacandelo aphambili: SiO2 kunye ne-Al2O3, kodwa umxholo we-Al2O3 kufuneka ube mkhulu kune-46%. Ubushushu bokusebenza: Ubushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza yi-1500 ~ 1650℃. Iimpawu: Ukumelana ne-corrosion efanelekileyo, kwaye inokuxhathisa ukubola kwii-slags zombini ezine-acidic kunye ne-alkaline. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kumagumbi okugcina ubushushu, kunye nezixhobo eziphikisayo zamachibi okusebenza, iziteshi zezinto kunye ne-feeders.
Izitena zeMullite:
Inxalenye ephambili yezitena ze-mullite yi-Al2O3, kwaye umxholo wayo umalunga ne-75%. Ngenxa yokuba ubukhulu becala iyikristale ye-mullite, ibizwa ngokuba zizitena ze-mullite. Ubuninzi be-2.7-3 2g / cm3, i-porosity evulekileyo yi-1% -12%, kunye nobushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza yi-1500 ~ 1700℃. I-mullite ye-Sintered isetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala ukwakhiwa kweendonga zegumbi lokugcina ubushushu. I-mullite edibeneyo isetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala ukwenza iindonga zamadama, imingxuma yokujonga, iibhulu zodonga, njl.
Izitena ezidityanisiweyo zirconium corundum:
Izitena ze-zirconium corundum ezixutywe zikwabizwa ngokuba zizitena zentsimbi ezimhlophe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izitena ezidibeneyo ze-zirconium corundum zihlulwe zibe ngamabakala amathathu ngokomxholo we-zirconium: 33%, 36%, kunye ne-41%. Izitena ze-zirconium corundum ezisetyenziswa kwimboni yeglasi ziqulethe i-50% ~ 70% Al2O3 kunye ne-20% ~ 40% ZrO2. Ubuninzi be-3.4 ~ 4.0g / cm3, i-porosity ebonakalayo yi-1% ~ 10%, kwaye ubushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza bumalunga ne-1700 ℃. Izitena ze-zirconium corundum ezixutywe kunye nomxholo we-zirconium we-33% kunye ne-36% zisetyenziselwa ukwakha iindonga ze-kiln pool, iindonga zesifuba sendawo yomlilo, imingxuma encinci ye-furnace, i-arches encinci yesithando somlilo, i-furnace encinci, i-arches yolwimi, njl njl. imingxunya, kunye nezinye iindawo apho ulwelo lweglasi lukhukulisa kwaye ludle izinto eziphikisayo ngobundlobongela. Esi sixhobo sesona sixhobo sisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yeglasi.
Izitena ze-alumina ezidibeneyo:
Ngokukodwa ibhekisela kwi-fused α, β corundum, kunye ne-fused β corundum izitena ze-refractory, eziqulunqwe kakhulu yi-92% ~ 94% ye-Al2O3 isigaba se-crystal corundum, ubuninzi be-2.9 ~ 3.05g / cm3, i-porosity ebonakalayo 1% ~ 10% yeqondo lokushisa malunga ne-10% ℄ eliphezulu. I-alumina edityanisiweyo inokumelana okugqwesileyo kokungena kweglasi kwaye phantse akukho ngcoliseko kulwelo lweglasi. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwindawo esebenzayo yodonga lwedama, umzantsi wedama, umjelo wokuqukuqela, udonga lwesixhobo sokusebenza sesixhobo sodonga, umzantsi wequla lemathiriyeli kunye nezinye iindawo zesithando somlilo esinyibilikisayo seglasi ezinxibelelana nolwelo lweglasi kwaye azifuni kungcoliseka.
Izitena zequartz:
Icandelo eliphambili yi-SiO2, equlethe ngaphezu kwe-99%, kunye noxinano lwe-1.9 ~ 2g / cm3, i-refractoriness ye-1650 ℃, ubushushu obusebenzayo malunga ne-1600℃, kunye nokumelana nokukhukuliseka kwe-asidi. Isetyenziselwa ukwakha udonga lwe-pool yeglasi ye-boron ene-acidic, indawo yomlilo izitena ze-thermocouple hole, njl.
Imathiriyeli ye-alkaline ephikisayo:
Izixhobo ze-alkaline refractory ikakhulu zibhekisa kwizitena ze-magnesia, izitena ze-alumina-magnesia, izitena ze-magnesia-chrome, kunye nezitena ze-forsterite. Ukusebenza kwayo kukuxhathisa ukhukuliseko lwemathiriyeli yealkaline, kwaye i-refractoriness yayo yi-1900 ~ 2000℃. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi eludongeni oluphezulu lokuhlaziya isithando somlilo esinyibilikayo seglasi, i-arch regenerator, umzimba wegridi, kunye nesakhiwo senxalenye yesithando somlilo esincinci.
Izitena zokugquma kwiziko leglasi:
Indawo yokuchitha ubushushu yesithando sokunyibilikisa iglasi inkulu kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal kuphantsi. Ukuze ulondoloze amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa, inani elikhulu lezinto zokugquma ziyafuneka ukuze kufakwe i-insulation comprehensive. Ngokukodwa, udonga lwamachibi, i-pool bottom, i-arch, kunye nodonga kwi-regenerator, inxalenye enyibilikayo, inxalenye esebenzayo, njl. I-porosity yesitena sokufakelwa sikhulu kakhulu, ubunzima bulula kakhulu, kwaye ubuninzi abudluli i-1.3g / cm3. Ekubeni ukusebenza kokushisa komoya kubi kakhulu, isitena se-insulation kunye ne-porosity enkulu inefuthe lokukhusela. I-coefficient yayo ye-thermal conductivity yi-2 ~ 3 amaxesha aphantsi kuneyona nto i-refractory jikelele, ngoko ke i-porosity enkulu, ingcono i-insulation effect. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zezitena zokugquma, ezibandakanya izitena zokufakelwa kodongwe, izitena zokugquma i-silica, izitena eziphezulu zokugquma i-alumina njalo njalo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-25-2025
