Zenziwe ngesanti ye-kaolin kunye ne-quartz ngokusebenzisa ukutshisa okushisa okuphezulu, izitena ezimelana ne-asidi zibonakala njengesixhobo "esimelana nokugqwala" kwiimeko zoshishino nezikhethekileyo, ngenxa yesakhiwo sazo esixineneyo, izinga eliphantsi lokufunxwa kwamanzi, kunye nozinzo oluqinileyo lweekhemikhali. Usetyenziso lwazo lugubungela iinkalo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo.
Kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso, zisebenza njengomqobo wokukhusela ongafunekiyo. Kwishishini leekhemikhali, ngexesha lokuveliswa nokugcinwa kwee-asidi ezinamandla ezifana ne-sulfuric acid kunye ne-hydrochloric acid, izitena ezimelana ne-asidi zisetyenziselwa umgangatho, ii-linings ze-reactor, kunye neetanki zokugcina. Zinokumelana ngokuthe ngqo nokukhukuliseka kwe-asidi enamandla, zithintele umonakalo kwizixhobo, zandise ubomi benkonzo, kwaye ziqinisekise ukhuseleko lwemveliso. Kwiindawo zokusebenzela ze-metallurgical, i-acid media iveliswa ngexesha leenkqubo zokucoca isinyithi kunye ne-electrolysis; izitena ezimelana ne-asidi zinokukhusela izakhiwo zokwakha ekungcoleni kwaye zigcine imeko yokusebenza eqhelekileyo kwindawo yokusebenzela. Kumanzi amdaka ane-asidi aveliswa yinkqubo yokususa i-sulfurization kwizityalo zamandla obushushu, amachibi okucoca amanzi amdaka kunye neenqaba zokususa i-sulfurization ezigqunywe ngezitena ezimelana ne-asidi nazo ziyafuneka ukuze kwahlulwe ukungcola kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwezixhobo.
Kwiimeko zokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, izitena ezinganyangekiyo yi-asidi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni i-ecosystem. Xa izityalo zonyango lwelindle zisingatha amanzi amdaka ane-asidi kwimizi-mveliso, izitena ezinganyangekiyo yi-asidi ezibekwe kumachibi okulawula kunye namachibi okusabela zinokumelana nokuntywiliselwa kwamanzi amdaka ixesha elide kunye nokukhukuliseka kweekhemikhali, ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwezakhiwo zezakhiwo kwaye akukho mpembelelo ekusebenzeni kakuhle konyango lwamanzi amdaka. Ukuvuza kwamanzi avela kwizityalo zonyango lwenkunkuma kuqulethe izinto ezine-asidi; izitena ezinganyangekiyo yi-asidi ezisetyenziswa kumachibi okuqokelela kunye neeworkshop zonyango zinokuthintela ukuvuza kwamanzi ukuba kungadli izakhiwo kwaye kuthintele ungcoliseko lomhlaba kunye nemithombo yamanzi.
Zikwabalulekile kakhulu xa kusakhiwa nakwiindawo ezikhethekileyo. Kwiindawo ezineemfuno zokuxhathisa i-asidi, ezinje ngeelabhoratri kunye neendawo zeeofisi zeefektri zeekhemikhali, izitena ezimelana ne-asidi zisetyenziswa njengezinto zomgangatho, ezidibanisa ukuxhathisa uxinzelelo, ukuxhathisa ukuguguleka, kunye neempawu zokuhombisa. Kwiindawo zomgangatho kunye nodonga lwee-workshops kwiifektri zokutya, iifektri zeziselo, kunye neefektri zamayeza, izitena ezimelana ne-asidi ziyasetyenziswa ngenxa yokuba zigudile kwaye kulula ukuzicoca; zinokuxhathisa izibulali-ntsholongwane ze-asidi kwaye zihlangabezane nemigangatho yococeko engqongqo.
Ukukhetha izitena ezisemgangathweni ophezulu ezimelana ne-asidi kunokubonelela ngokhuseleko oluthembekileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba uneemfuno zokumelana nokugqwala kwimizi-mveliso, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, okanye ulwakhiwo olukhethekileyo, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukunxibelelana nathi. Siza kubonelela ngezisombululo ezenzelwe wena ukusombulula iingxaki zokugqwala ngokufanelekileyo.
Ixesha leposi: Oktobha-24-2025
