Xa kufikwa kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu-ukusuka kwiziko lemizi-mveliso ukuya kwiindawo zokuhlala-isixhobo esinye sigqama njengomqolo wengqibelelo yolwakhiwo:udaka lodongwe refractory. Le daka ikhethekileyo iyilelwe ukuba imelane nobushushu obugqithiseleyo, ukhukuliseko lwemichiza kunye nomothuko wobushushu, ingaphezulu lee “kuncamathelisa” kwizitena ezikwaziyo ukuxhathisa. Licandelo elibalulekileyo eliqinisekisa ukhuseleko, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuphila ixesha elide kwizicelo apho udaka oluqhelekileyo luya kudilika. Nokuba ukwimveliso, ulwakhiwo, okanye uphuculo lwekhaya le-DIY, ukuqonda usetyenziso kunye nezibonelelo zodaka lodongwe olunqambileyo kunokuguqula iiprojekthi zakho zobushushu obuphezulu.
Okokuqala nokuphambili, iziko lemizi-mveliso kunye neekontini zezona ndawo zokudlala zodaka lodongwe. Kwimizi-mveliso yentsimbi, kwimizi-mveliso yeglasi, kwimizi-mveliso yesamente, nakwiindawo zokwenza i-ceramic, iziko lisebenza kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwe-1,000°C (1,832°F) iiyure okanye iintsuku ekupheleni. Udaka lwesamente oluqhelekileyo lwasePortland luyanyibilika okanye lubole ngokugqithisileyo, nto leyo ekhokelela kukusilela kolwakhiwo, ukuvuza, kunye nexesha lokuphumla elineendleko. Udaka lodongwe olwenziwayo, nangona kunjalo, lwenziwe ngodongwe olusulungekileyo, isilica, kunye nezinye iiaggregates eziphikisayo ezigcina amandla azo kunye nokumila kobu bushushu bunzulu. Ivala izikhewu phakathi kwezitena eziphikisayo, ukuthintela ukulahleka kobushushu obunokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30%. Kubasebenzi bemizi-mveliso, oku kuguqulela ekuthotyweni kwamatyala ombane, ukuphazamiseka kokulungisa okumbalwa, kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigangatho engqongqo yokhuseleko.
Ngaphaya koshishino olunzima, udaka lodongwe lwe-refractory lusisiseko kwiinkqubo zorhwebo kunye neendawo zokuhlala. Iindawo zokubasa umlilo, izitovu zeenkuni neetshimini zixhomekeke kuyo ukuze zenze umqobo okhuselekileyo nokwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu. Khawube nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wokukhanyisa umlilo opholileyo kwigumbi lakho lokuhlala kuphela ukuba udaka olubambe izitena zakho eziko luqhekeke kwaye lukhuphe umsi onetyhefu-lo ngumngcipheko wokusebenzisa udaka olunganqandekiyo. Udongwe olwenziwa udaka alumelani kuphela nemijikelo yokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa okuphindaphindiweyo kweendawo zokuhlala kodwa lukwaxhathisa imveliso edlayo yeenkuni okanye amalahle. Kulula ukuxuba kunye nokufaka isicelo, kuyenza ibe lolona khetho luphezulu kwiingcali zamatye kunye nabathandi be-DIY ngokufanayo. Abanini bezindlu abatyala imali kwindawo entsha yomlilo okanye ukuhlaziya endala baya kufumanisa ukuba ukusebenzisa udaka lwe-refractory mortar kuqinisekisa ukuba izinto zabo zokufudumeza zihlala amashumi eminyaka ngaphandle kokubeka engozini ukhuseleko.
Esinye isicelo esiphambili yinkqubo ye-petrochemical kunye ne-metallurgical. Amaziko okucoca, anyibilikisiweyo, kunye nemithombo ajongene nayo kungekuphela nje amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kodwa kwanemichiza eyingozi—iiasidi, iialkali, nesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo esinokutshabalalisa udaka oluqhelekileyo. Ukungangeni kweekhemikhali zodongwe oluphindayo lwenze ukuba lulungele iinqanawa zokusabela kwilinen, iicrucibles, kunye ne-exhaust systems. Yenza isitywina esiqinileyo esithintela ukuvuza kwezinto ezinobungozi, ukukhusela abasebenzi kunye nokusingqongileyo. Kwi-aluminiyam yokunyibilikisa, umzekelo, udaka lwe-refractory yodongwe lusetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa iiseli ze-electrolytic, apho zixhathisa ukubola kwi-aluminium etyhidiweyo kunye neetyuwa ze-fluoride. Oku kuthembeka kungoko ilukhetho olukhethwayo kumashishini apho nolona kusilela luncinci lunokuba neziphumo ezibi.
Udaka lodongwe oluphindayo ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kwii-oveni zepizza kunye neekhitshi zorhwebo. Ii-oveni ze-pizza ezenziwe ngamaplanga zisebenza kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwe-400 ° C kunye ne-500 ° C (752 ° F kunye ne-932 ° F), ifuna udaka olunokusingatha ukushisa okukhulu ngaphandle kokuqhekeka okanye ukulahlekelwa ukunamathela. Iipizzeria ezichwepheshile kunye nabapheki basekhaya ngokufanayo bathemba udaka lodongwe olunqandayo ukwakha nokulungisa ezi oveni, njengoko iqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kobushushu okungaguqukiyo kwaye inqanda ukubaleka komsi okanye ubushushu. Kwiikhitshi zorhwebo, isetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa i-grills, i-rotisseries, kunye nezinye izixhobo zokushisa okuphezulu, ukugcina imigangatho yococeko ngokuthintela amaqhekeza okutya ukuba abanjwe kudaka oluqhekekileyo.
Yintoni eyahlula udaka lwe-refractory kwezinye izinto ezichasayo? Ukuguquguquka kwayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Ngokungafaniyo ne-alumina ephezulu okanye i-silica mortar, eyilelwe amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu kodwa iza nethegi yexabiso eliphezulu, ibhalansi yodaka lwe-refractory yodaka kunye nokufikeleleka kwezona zicelo ziqhelekileyo zobushushu obuphezulu. Ifumaneka kwifom yomgubo, enokuthi ixutywe namanzi kwisayithi ukuya kwimeko efunekayo, ukunciphisa inkunkuma kunye neendleko zokuthutha. Ukongeza, inomsebenzi ogqwesileyo-abenzi bamatye banokubumba ngokulula kwaye bagudise, beqinisekisa iqhina eliqinileyo phakathi kwezitena.
Ukukhetha udaka olululo lodongwe oluchanekileyo lubalulekile kwimpumelelo yeprojekthi yakho. Khangela iimveliso ezihlangabezana nemigangatho yoshishino, njenge-ASTM C199, echaza iimfuno ze-refractory mortar. Qwalasela ubushushu obuphezulu kwisicelo sakho, njengoko ezinye iisitha zodongwe zenzelwe ubushushu obuphezulu kunezinye. Kwiiprojekthi zemizi-mveliso, khetha udaka olunezongezo ezongezelelekileyo zokuxhathisa ukothuka kwe-thermal kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali. Ukusetyenziswa kwendawo yokuhlala, udongwe oluqhelekileyo lwe-refractory mortar luyakwanela kwiindawo ezininzi zomlilo kunye nezitovu.
Ukuqukumbela, udaka lwe-refractory luyinto eyimfuneko kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo ebandakanya ubushushu obuphezulu. Ukusuka kwiziko lemizi-mveliso ukuya kwiziko lasekhaya, ibonelela ngamandla, ukumelana nobushushu, kunye nokuqina okufunekayo ukugcina izakhiwo zikhuselekile kwaye zisebenza kakuhle. Uluhlu lwayo olubanzi lokusetyenziswa, indleko-ukusebenza, kunye nokulula kokusetyenziswa kwenza kube lukhetho oluphezulu kwiingcali kunye ne-DIYers kuwo wonke amashishini. Ukuba uceba iprojekthi yobushushu obuphezulu, musa ukuhlala udaka oluqhelekileyo-tyala imali kwi-dongwe refractory mortar kwaye uqinisekise ukuba umsebenzi wakho ubeka uvavanyo lwexesha.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-01-2025
