Izitena zeMagnesia Carbon: Isisombululo esibalulekileyo sokurhawuzelela iiLadle zeNsimbi

Kwishishini lokwenza intsimbi, i-ladle yentsimbi sisitya esibalulekileyo esithwala, sibambe, kwaye siphathe intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo phakathi kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemveliso. Ukusebenza kwayo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wentsimbi, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kunye neendleko zokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo ifikelela kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu ukuya kwi-1,600°C nangaphezulu, kwaye ikwasebenzisana ne-slags enamandla, ukukhukuliseka koomatshini, kunye noxinzelelo lobushushu—olubangela imingeni enzima kwizinto ezinganyangekiyo ezigqunywe yi-ladle yentsimbi. Kulapho keizitena zekhabhoni ze-magnesium(izitena zeMgO-C) zibonakala njengesisombululo esiphezulu, zibonelela ngokuqina okungenakuthelekiswa nanto kunye nokuthembeka kwimisebenzi yesileyi sentsimbi.​

Kutheni izitena zeMagnesium Carbon zibalulekile kwiiLadle zeNsimbi

Iileyi zentsimbi zifuna izinto ezirhabaxa ezinokumelana neemeko ezinzima ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni ukusebenza kwazo. Izitena zemveli ezirhabaxa zihlala zingaphumeleli ukuhlangabezana nezi mfuno, nto leyo ekhokelela ekutshintshweni rhoqo, ukungasebenzi kwemveliso, kunye neendleko ezinyukileyo. Nangona kunjalo, izitena ze-magnesium carbon zidibanisa amandla e-high-purity magnesia (MgO) kunye ne-graphite ukujongana nayo yonke imingeni ephambili yeleyi yentsimbi:

1. Ukumelana okungaqhelekanga kobushushu obuphezulu

I-Magnesia, eyona nto iphambili kwizitena ze-MgO-C, ineqondo lokunyibilika eliphezulu kakhulu elimalunga ne-2,800°C—elidlula kakhulu ubushushu obuphezulu bentsimbi enyibilikisiweyo. Xa zidityaniswe ne-graphite (into enozinzo oluhle kakhulu lobushushu), izitena ze-magnesium carbon zigcina ulwakhiwo lwazo nokuba zibekwe ixesha elide kwintsimbi enyibilikisiweyo eyi-1,600+°C. Oku kuxhathisa kuthintela ukuthamba kwezitena, ukuguqulwa, okanye ukunyibilika, kuqinisekisa ukuba iladle yentsimbi ihlala ikhuselekile kwaye isebenza ixesha elide.​

2. Ukumelana nokugqwala kweSlag ephezulu​

Intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo ihamba nee-slags—iimveliso ezityebileyo kwii-oxides (ezifana ne-SiO₂, i-Al₂O₃, kunye ne-FeO) ezingcolisa kakhulu izinto ezingafunekiyo. I-Magnesia kwizitena ze-MgO-C isabela kancinci kwezi slags, yenza umaleko oxineneyo, ongenakungena kumphezulu wezitena othintela ukungena kwe-slag ngakumbi. Ngokungafaniyo nezitena ze-alumina-silica, eziguguleka lula zii-slags ezine-acidic okanye ezisisiseko, izitena ze-magnesium carbon zigcina ubukhulu bazo, zinciphisa umngcipheko wokuvuza kweladle.​

3. Ukumelana kakuhle nobushushu​

Iileyi zentsimbi zifudunyezwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo (ukubamba intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo) kunye nokuphola (ngexesha lokugcinwa okanye ixesha lokungenzi nto)—inkqubo ebangela ukukhwankqiswa kobushushu. Ukuba izinto ezichaseneyo azikwazi ukumelana notshintsho olukhawulezileyo lobushushu, ziya kuqhekeka, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuwohlokeni kwangethuba. I-Graphite kwizitena ze-magnesium carbon isebenza njenge-"buffer," ifunxa uxinzelelo lobushushu kwaye ithintele ukwakheka kweentanda. Oku kuthetha ukuba izitena ze-MgO-C zinokunyamezela amakhulu emijikelo yokupholisa ukufudumeza ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kukusebenza, nto leyo eyandisa ubomi benkonzo yeleyi yentsimbi.​

4. Iindleko zokuNcitshiswa kokuGcinwa kunye noLondolozo

Ukuguguleka koomatshini ngenxa yokuxuba intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo, ukuhamba kweladle, kunye nokukrala i-slag yenye ingxaki enkulu kwi-refractories yeladle yentsimbi. Izitena ze-magnesium carbon zinamandla aphezulu oomatshini kunye nobunzima, ngenxa yokudibana phakathi kweengqolowa ze-magnesia kunye ne-graphite. Oku kuhlala ixesha elide kunciphisa ukuguguleka kwezitena, okuvumela iladle ukuba isebenze ixesha elide phakathi kokuphinda ibuyele kwi-relinings. Kwizityalo zentsimbi, oku kuthetha ukuba ixesha lokungasebenzi lincinci, iindleko zomsebenzi eziphantsi zokutshintshwa kweladle, kunye neshedyuli yemveliso ehambelanayo.

Ukusetyenziswa Okuphambili Kwezitena Zekhabhoni ZeMagnesium KwiiLadle Zentsimbi​

Izitena zekhabhoni zeMagnesium azisisisombululo esifanelekileyo kuzo zonke—zenzelwe iindawo ezahlukeneyo zeladle yentsimbi ngokusekelwe kumanqanaba athile oxinzelelo:

Iladle Ezantsi kunye neeNdonga:Iindonga ezisezantsi nezisezantsi zeladle zidibana ngokuthe ngqo, ixesha elide nentsimbi enyibilikisiweyo kunye ne-slags. Apha, izitena ze-magnesium carbon ezinobunzima obuphezulu (ezinomxholo we-graphite oyi-10-20%) zisetyenziselwa ukumelana nokugqwala kunye nokuguga.​

Umgca weLadle Slag:Umgca we-slag yeyona ndawo isengozini kakhulu, njengoko ijongene nokuchatshazelwa rhoqo yi-slags ekonakalisayo kunye noxinzelelo lobushushu. Izitena zekhabhoni ze-magnesium zeprimiyamu (ezinomxholo ophezulu wegrafiti kunye nee-antioxidants ezongezelelweyo ezifana ne-Al okanye i-Si) zisetyenziswa apha ukuze kwandiswe ubomi benkonzo.​

Impumlo yeLadle kunye noMngxuma weTap:Ezi ndawo zifuna izitena ezinomoya ophezulu wokushisa kunye nokumelana nokukhukuliseka ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kwentsimbi enyibilikisiweyo. Izitena ezikhethekileyo zeMgO-C ezine-magnesia ecolekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukuvaleka kunye nokwandisa ubomi be-nozzle.​

Iingenelo zezityalo zentsimbi: ngaphaya kokuqina​

Ukukhetha izitena ze-magnesium carbon kwiilingi zentsimbi ezifakelwe iiladle zokwenza izinto zorhwebo kubavelisi bentsimbi:

Umgangatho weNsimbi oPhuculweyo:Ngokuthintela ukukhukuliseka okungenakuphikiswa, izitena zeMgO-C zinciphisa umngcipheko weenxalenye ezingenakuphikiswa ezingcolisa intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo—ukuqinisekisa ukwakheka kweekhemikhali okuhlala kuhleli kunye neziphene ezimbalwa kwiimveliso zentsimbi ezigqityiweyo.​

Ukonga Amandla:Ukuqhuba okuphezulu kobushushu begrafiti kwizitena zeMgO-C kunceda ukugcina ubushushu kwiladle, kunciphisa isidingo sokufudumeza kwakhona intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo. Oku kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli kunye nokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.​
Ubomi obude beNkonzo yeLedle: Ngokomndilili, iileyile zesinyithi ze-magnesium carbon zihlala ixesha elide ngokuphindwe ka-2-3 kuneeleyile zemveli ezinganyangekiyo. Kwileyile yentsimbi eqhelekileyo, oku kuthetha ukuphinda ubeke iileyile kube kanye kwiinyanga ezi-6-12, xa kuthelekiswa nezihlandlo ezi-2-3 ngonyaka nezinye izinto.

Khetha izitena zekhabhoni zeMagnesium ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwiileyile zakho zentsimbi

Ayizizo zonke izitena ze-magnesium carbon ezenziwe ngokulinganayo. Ukuze usebenze kakuhle, khangela iimveliso ezine:

I-magnesia ecocekileyo kakhulu (95%+ umxholo we-MgO) ukuqinisekisa ukumelana nokugqwala.

I-graphite esemgangathweni ophezulu (umxholo wothuthu oluphantsi) ukuze kuthintelwe ngcono ukutshiswa kobushushu.

Ii-bonding agents eziphambili kunye nee-antioxidants zokuphucula amandla ezitena kunye nokuthintela i-graphite oxidation.

At I-Shandong Robert Refractory, sigxile ekwenzeni izitena zekhabhoni ze-magnesium zekhwalithi ephezulu ezenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kweeladle zentsimbi. Iimveliso zethu zilawulwa ngokungqongqo komgangatho—ukusuka ekukhethweni kwezinto eziluhlaza ukuya kuvavanyo lokugqibela—ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho enzima yokwenza intsimbi. Nokuba usebenzisa umzi-mveliso omncinci wentsimbi okanye isityalo esikhulu esidibeneyo, singakubonelela ngezisombululo ezenzelwe wena ukunciphisa iindleko zakho kunye nokunyusa imveliso.​

Qhagamshelana Nathi Namhlanje​

Ngaba ukulungele ukuphucula izithinteli zakho zesinyithi ngezitena ze-magnesium carbon? Nxibelelana neqela lethu leengcali ezichasene nezithinteli ukuze uxoxe ngeemfuno zakho, ufumane ikowuteshini eyenzelwe wena, okanye ufunde ngakumbi malunga nendlela izitena ze-MgO-C ezinokuyitshintsha ngayo inkqubo yakho yokwenza intsimbi.