Izitena zeMullite eziKhawulezayo: Iinkcukacha, Ukusetyenziswa kunye neeNzuzo eziPhambili

Njengesixhobo esisebenza kakuhle nesinganyangekiyo,izitena ze-mullite ezilulaZithandwa kakhulu kwiindawo zoshishino zehlabathi ngenxa yobushushu bazo obugqwesileyo, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, kunye neempawu ezikhaphukhaphu. Zenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zezixhobo ezisebenzisa ubushushu obuphezulu, ezi zitena azinciphisi nje kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kodwa zandisa nobomi benkonzo yezitovu zoshishino, nto leyo ezenza zibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kumashishini afuna ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo.

Iinkcukacha zezitena ze-mullite ezikhaphukhaphu zilungelelanisiwe kwaye zinokwenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze zivumelane neemeko ezahlukeneyo zoshishino. Iimodeli eziphambili ziquka i-JM23, i-JM25, i-JM26, i-JM27, i-JM28, i-JM30, kunye ne-JM32, kunye nomxholo we-alumina oqala kwi-40% ukuya kwi-77% kunye nomxholo we-iron oxide ongadluli kwi-1.0% (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-0.5% kwiimodeli ezicocekileyo kakhulu). Ubuninzi bazo buyi-0.55g/cm³ ukuya kwi-1.35g/cm³, kwaye amandla okutyumza abandayo yi-1.0MPa ukuya kwi-3.5MPa, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zomthwalo. Ubushushu bokuhlela buyi-1260℃ ukuya kwi-1760℃, ubushushu bokuqala kokuthambisa umthwalo buyi-1080℃ ukuya kwi-1570℃, kwaye izinga lokutshintsha komgca osisigxina emva kokufudumeza kobushushu obuphezulu yi--1.5% ukuya kwi-0.5%. Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo yi-230x114x65mm, kwaye ubungakanani obulungiselelwe wena bufumaneka ngokweemfuno zabathengi bokwakha ngomthungo.

Ukuqhuba kobushushu kwezitena ze-mullite ezikhaphukhaphu kuphantsi njenge-0.18W/(m·K) kwi-200℃, nto leyo enokunciphisa ngempumelelo ukulahleka kobushushu kwaye iphucule ukusetyenziswa kwamandla—inzuzo ephambili kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso. Zenziwe nge-alumina kunye ne-silica ecocekileyo kakhulu, ezi zitena zenza isakhiwo se-crystalline se-mullite esizinzileyo, esiqulethe inani elincinci leglasi, i-cristobalite, okanye i-corundum, ephucula kakhulu ukumelana kwazo nobushushu kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kweekhemikhali. Zinokudibana ngokuthe ngqo namalangatye, zisusa imfuneko yokufakelwa kweengqimba ezongezelelweyo kwaye zenze lula inkqubo yokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo.

Izitena ze-mullite ezikhaphukhaphu zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, eziquka i-metallurgy, i-ceramics, iglasi, i-petrochemical kunye neminye imboni. Kwishishini le-metallurgical, zisetyenziselwa ulwelo lwe-hot blast furniture, i-blast furniture bodies kunye ne-bottoms, kunye ne-steelmaking electric furniture tops, ezingenakugcina kuphela amaqondo obushushu azinzileyo kodwa zikwanciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Kwishishini le-ceramic, zizinto ezifanelekileyo kwii-roller furnins, ii-shuttle furnins, kunye nee-drawer furnins, ezivumela imijikelo yokufudumeza nokupholisa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.

Kwishishini leglasi, zisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokuhlaziya izithando zeglasi kunye neendlela zokutya, ezinokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokukhukuliseka kweekhemikhali ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso. Kwishishini le-petrochemical, zisetyenziselwa ulwelo lwezithando zokuqhekeka kwepetroliyam, izithando zokuguqulwa kwe-ammonia ezenziweyo, kunye nezithando zegesi ye-oyile eseleyo, ezinokumelana neemeko zokusebenza ezinzima. Ukongeza, zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiifeni ezahlukeneyo zombane, izitshisi, kunye nezixhobo zokusabela ezishushu kakhulu, zibonelela ngokhuseleko oluthembekileyo lobushushu kunye nenkxaso yesakhiwo.

Xa kuthelekiswa nezitena zemveli ezirhabaxa, izitena ze-mullite ezikhaphukhaphu zinezibonelelo ezicacileyo: uxinano oluphantsi lunokunciphisa ubunzima besithando kunye nomthwalo wesakhiwo, ukuhanjiswa kobushushu obuphantsi kunokonga i-15%-20% yepetroli, kwaye ubunyulu obuphezulu buqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwiindawo ezintsonkothileyo. Nokuba ziinkcazo eziqhelekileyo okanye iinkcukacha ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zamashishini ahlukeneyo. Khetha izitena zethu ze-mullite ezikhaphukhaphu ezikumgangatho ophezulu ukukunceda ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kunye nokufezekisa uphuhliso oluluhlaza noluzinzileyo.