Iimfuno eziqhelekileyo zezinto ezichaseneyo nezifudumezi zombane ze-arc zezi:
(1) Ukungaguquguquki kufuneka kube phezulu. Ubushushu be-arc budlule kwi-4000°C, kwaye ubushushu bokwenza intsimbi buyi-1500~1750°C, ngamanye amaxesha bube phezulu njenge-2000°C, ngoko ke kufuneka izinto ezingaguquguqukiyo ukuze zibe nokuguquguka okuphezulu.
(2) Ubushushu bokuthambisa phantsi komthwalo kufuneka bube phezulu. Isithando sombane sisebenza phantsi kobunzima obuphezulu bomthwalo, kwaye umzimba wesithando kufuneka umelane nokukhukuliseka kwentsimbi enyibilikisiweyo, ngoko ke kufuneka izinto ezinganyangekiyo ukuze zibe nobushushu obuphezulu bokuthambisa umthwalo.
(3) Amandla okuxinzelela kufuneka abe phezulu. Ulwelo lwesithando sombane luchaphazeleka yimpembelelo yetshaja ngexesha lokutshaja, uxinzelelo olungaguqukiyo lwentsimbi enyibilikisiweyo ngexesha lokunyibilikisa, ukukhukuliseka kokuhamba kwentsimbi ngexesha lokucofa, kunye nokungcangcazela koomatshini ngexesha lokusebenza. Ke ngoko, izinto ezichaseneyo ziyafuneka ukuze zibe namandla aphezulu okuxinzelela.
(4) Ulawulo lobushushu kufuneka lube ncinci. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukulahleka kobushushu kwesithando sombane kwaye kuncitshiswe ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kufuneka izinto ezichasene nobushushu zibe nolawulo lobushushu oluphantsi, oko kukuthi, umlinganiselo wolawulo lobushushu kufuneka ube mncinci.
(5) Uzinzo lobushushu kufuneka lube luhle. Kwimizuzu embalwa ukusuka ekucofeni ukuya ekutshajeni kwintsimbi yombane, ubushushu buyehla kakhulu ukusuka malunga ne-1600°C ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-900°C, ngoko ke kufuneka izinto ezichasayo ukuze kubekho uzinzo lobushushu oluhle.
(6) Ukumelana nokugqwala okunamandla. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenza intsimbi, i-slag, igesi yesithando somlilo kunye nentsimbi enyibilikisiweyo zonke zinefuthe elinamandla lokukhukuliseka kweekhemikhali kwizinto ezichasayo, ngoko ke izinto ezichasayo ziyafuneka ukuze zibe nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezichasayo kwiindonga ezisecaleni
Izitena zeMgO-C zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukwakha iindonga ezisecaleni zezitofu zombane ngaphandle kweendonga zokupholisa amanzi. Iindawo ezishushu kunye nemigca ye-slag zineemeko ezinzima kakhulu zenkonzo. Azigcini nje ngokuba zingcola kakhulu kwaye zigugule yintsimbi enyibilikisiweyo kunye ne-slag, kwaye zichaphazeleka kakhulu ngoomatshini xa kongezwa inkunkuma, kodwa zikwachaphazeleka yimitha yobushushu evela kwi-arc. Ke ngoko, ezi ndawo zakhiwe ngezitena zeMgO-C ezisebenza kakuhle kakhulu.
Kwiindonga ezisecaleni zee-oven zombane ezineendonga ezipholiswe ngamanzi, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokupholisa amanzi, umthwalo wobushushu uyanda kwaye iimeko zokusetyenziswa zinzima ngakumbi. Ke ngoko, izitena zeMgO-C ezinokumelana kakuhle ne-slag, uzinzo lobushushu kunye nokuqhuba okuphezulu kobushushu kufuneka kukhethwe. Umxholo wazo wekhabhoni yi-10% ~ 20%.
Izinto ezirhabaxa kwiindonga ezisecaleni zeefeni zombane ezinamandla aphezulu kakhulu
Iindonga ezisecaleni zee-furnace zombane ezinamandla aphezulu kakhulu (ii-UHP furnace) zakhiwe kakhulu ngezitena ze-MgO-C, kwaye iindawo ezishushu kunye neendawo ezixineneyo zakhiwe ngezitena ze-MgO-C ezisebenza kakuhle kakhulu (ezifana nezitena ze-MgO-C ezipheleleyo zekhabhoni). Ziphucula kakhulu ubomi benkonzo yazo.
Nangona umthwalo wodonga lwesithando somlilo unciphile ngenxa yokuphuculwa kweendlela zokusebenza kwesithando somlilo sombane, kusenzima ukuba izinto ezinganyangekiyo zandise ubomi benkonzo yeendawo ezishushu xa zisebenza phantsi kweemeko zokunyibilikisa isithando somlilo se-UHP. Ke ngoko, iteknoloji yokupholisa amanzi iye yaphuhliswa kwaye yasetyenziswa. Kwiizithando zombane ezisebenzisa i-EBT tapping, indawo yokupholisa amanzi ifikelela kwi-70%, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezinganyangekiyo. Iteknoloji yokupholisa amanzi yanamhlanje ifuna izitena ze-MgO-C ezinokuqhuba kakuhle ubushushu. I-Asphalt, izitena ze-magnesia ezibotshelelwe yi-resin kunye nezitena ze-MgO-C (umxholo wekhabhoni 5%-25%) zisetyenziselwa ukwakha iindonga ezisecaleni zesithando sombane. Phantsi kweemeko ezinzima ze-oxidation, ii-antioxidants zongezwa.
Kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu ezonakele kakhulu zii-redox reactions, izitena ze-MgO-C ezine-crystalline fused magnesite enkulu njengezinto eziluhlaza, umxholo wekhabhoni ongaphezulu kwe-20%, kunye ne-full carbon matrix zisetyenziselwa ukwakha.
Uphuhliso lwamva nje lwezitena zeMgO-C kwiifeni zombane ze-UHP kukusebenzisa ukutshisa ngobushushu obuphezulu uze emva koko ukufakelwa nge-asphalt ukuvelisa oko kuthiwa zizitena zeMgO-C ezifakwe nge-asphalt. Njengoko kunokubonwa kwiTheyibhile 2, xa kuthelekiswa nezitena ezingafakwanga, umxholo wekhabhoni oseleyo wezitena zeMgO-C ezifakwe nge-asphalt emva kokufakelwa kwe-asphalt kunye nokufakelwa kwakhona kwe-carbon uyanda malunga ne-1%, i-porosity iyancipha nge-1%, kwaye amandla okuguquguquka kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana noxinzelelo. Amandla aphuculwe kakhulu, ngoko ke ahlala ixesha elide.
Izixhobo zokuchasana ne-magnesium kwiindonga ezisecaleni zesithando sombane
Iilinki ze-furnace zombane zahlulwe zibe yi-alkaline kunye ne-asidi. Eyokuqala isebenzisa izinto ezichasene ne-alkaline (ezifana ne-magnesia kunye nezinto ezichasene ne-MgO-CaO) njengelinki ye-furnace, ngelixa eyesibini isebenzisa izitena ze-silica, isanti ye-quartz, udaka olumhlophe, njl.njl. ukwakha ilinki ye-furnace.
Qaphela: Kwizinto zokufakelwa kwefenitshala, ii-alkaline electric furniture zisebenzisa izinto ezichasene ne-alkaline, kwaye ii-acid electric furniture zisebenzisa izinto ezichasene ne-acid.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Oktobha-12-2023
